CBT: Creating the Space Between Impulse and Action

Shootings and gun homicides are often the result of split-second decision-making—people react automatically in tense, high-stakes situations, and derail many lives in the process.

 

“When I speak to people who are incarcerated, I always ask them what they would change if they had the chance to go back,” READI Chicago Senior Director Eddie Bocanegra said. “The number one response I get is the moment that person pulled the trigger.”

That’s what READI Chicago is trying to do—use evidence and data to identify the men most likely to pull the trigger, or to be shot, and provide them with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to slow down their response times.

READI Chicago hires job coaches from the communities they serve to administer CBT to participants. There is a significant gap in access to clinicians and mental health care in Chicago—in the Gold Coast, for example, there are nearly 4.5 clinicians for every thousand people, whereas on the Southwest Side, there are only 0.1 for every thousand people.

“Black men in Chicago don’t get the same opportunities,” said Taj McCord, a READI Chicago job coach for the Greater Englewood community. “We need help and guidance from people who understand where we’ve been, so that we as black men can be looked at differently and create different, safer spaces for ourselves.”

READI Chicago job coaches receive extensive training in the implementation of a unique curriculum that is modeled on research from the University of Cincinnati Corrections Institute and the South Carolina-based Turning Leaf Project. READI Chicago aims to provide participants with a baseline of 200 hours of CBT over an 18-month period. Components of CBT are embedded in every aspect of READI Chicago, so much so that staff end up incorporating CBT skills and coping mechanisms into their own lives outside of work.

“A lot of times, my CBT group is where participants don’t feel like they need to be a different person,” said Kevin Holifield, a READI Chicago job coach for the Austin and West Garfield Park communities. “They let out exactly how they feel, and that’s the kind of space I try to create for them. I don’t want them to come in and be stuffy and try to impress me with what they think I want to hear. I want them to give me how they feel in the raw.”

Most importantly, participants are beginning to absorb the skills and lessons from the CBT curriculum and apply them in their everyday lives to de-escalate stressful situations and avoid violent confrontations.

“Now, with the things I think and say, first I sit back instead of taking an immediate action,” said Mark, who has been a participant in READI Chicago for several months. “I sit down and think first before I do anything. I’m getting a lot out of CBT. It gives me a chance to interact with people from different gangs or neighborhoods, and it gives us a chance to all come together. That’s a pretty cool thing out here.”

Uniting Across Communities

READI Chicago staff from all five community areas gathered this month for our quarterly all-staff retreat to share best practices, celebrate all the progress made this year, and recognize frontline staff and their critical contributions to working with READI Chicago participants. Staff also took a moment to acknowledge members of READI Chicago who have been with the initiative from its very beginning in September 2017.

DSC09784

 

With more than 110 staff across six partnering community organizations, coming together to share what each of our organizations is learning is crucial to helping us grow and to the overall success of READI Chicago. Each community presented on different ways to engage men at the highest risk of violence involvement, and outreach and transitional jobs partners shared how they work together or prioritize safety for staff, participants, and communities.

In addition to the learnings from READI Chicago staff and partners, the retreat also featured a presentation by Mark Sanders, of the University of Chicago and On the Mark Consulting, who discussed the effects of trauma, ways trauma affects both our participants and staff, and how frontline staff can practice self-care to avoid burnout and prioritize their own mental health.

READI Chicago Celebrates Thanksgiving

The READI Chicago family looks for reasons to come together and celebrate each other, and Thanksgiving is always a favorite for us to celebrate the hard work and success of the people we serve.

This holiday season, the READI Chicago Austin community came together to give thanks, celebrate participant successes, and honor everyone who has been a part of this journey.

Heartland Human Care Services and the Institute for Nonviolence Chicago hosted the banquet-style Thanksgiving celebration, joining participants and their families for food, music, and thanks. During the celebration, staff recognized participants for gaining job skills and reaching cognitive behavioral therapy milestones, and staff also presented honors to the mothers of those we have lost throughout the year.

DSC09691

“Firsthand: Gun Violence” Community Panel


Coinciding with the launch of WTTW Digital’s “Firsthand: Gun Violence” series, READI Chicago and WTTW hosted a screening and community panel event focused on the people working on the front lines of violence prevention in Englewood and Auburn Gresham.


The event featured screenings of parts of the documentary series focused on Englewood outreach worker Reality Allah and India, a high school senior dealing with PTSD in the wake of gun violence. The audience saw Reality helping READI Chicago participants cope with a shooting and search for housing, while India dealt with her father’s shooting and the death of a friend.


Firsthand Producer Dan Protess moderated a panel with Reality; Illinois Violence Prevention Authority’s Dameka Edwards-Hart, India’s mother; Christa Hamilton, executive director of READI Chicago transitional jobs partner Centers for New Horizons; and Vaughn Bryant, executive director of Communities Partnering 4 Peace (CP4P).


The panelists called attention to the many barriers contributing to gun violence, from housing to employment to disinvestment in the population READI Chicago serves, as well as urged people to get involved in whatever ways they can.


“Sometimes all it takes is to show the people in READI Chicago that they’re important and that you care,” Reality said. “A lot of these guys come from environments where they haven’t had that. So when they come through the door at READI Chicago, we let them know we appreciate them.”


Christa stressed that there is no single, simple solution to gun violence. Chicago needs a city-wide collaboration of government, philanthropy, and organizations like READI Chicago and CP4P — and even then, it won’t be a quick fix. Christa highlighted that many people in the neighborhoods these organizations serve have faced years of trauma that will take long-term investment to heal.


“We need to realize that this isn’t going to be changed overnight,” Christa said. “But engaging someone for 18 months in something like READI Chicago, now he’s an asset to the community. He’s able to gain employment skills and deal with his traumas. That’s paramount in moving these guys into the next stage of their lives. They’re using this time for good.”


Watch the full series at
https://interactive.wttw.com/firsthand/gun-violence and read the accompanying investigative series from The Trace at
https://www.thetrace.org/projects/firsthand/.

Finding Nourishment at Work

Bertha Segura De Gonzalez has worked at Vital Bridges for 15 years. She loves her job, though it can involve some heavy lifting, both literally and figuratively. Since participants from READI Chicago have started working at Vital Bridges, though, they’ve taken a load off Bertha’s shoulders.


“They’ve become so important to me here,” Bertha said. “They really take charge and take ownership of their work, and I don’t have to do the heavy lifting anymore.”


Vital Bridges is a program of Heartland Alliance Health that provides nutritious food and nutrition services to people living with HIV/AIDS at three locations throughout the city. At the Garfield Park location, which serves almost 250 adults and children, READI Chicago participants “shop” the pantry for clients, gathering the groceries that clients request each week, and they help Bertha with tasks such as stocking and taking inventory.



“The READI Chicago participants are very respectful and accepting of our clients,” Bertha said. “They make sure clients get everything they ask for, and they really go out of their way to help them however they can.”


Terrell, who has been a participant in READI Chicago for 16 months and working at Vital Bridges for four months, said this has been his favorite experience throughout the program.


“I feel especially great about doing this work because I come from a rough lifestyle and past,” Terrell said. “It’s a new experience, like nothing I’ve done before, and now I love meeting new people. It’s really increased my confidence.”

READI Chicago Goes to Washington

READI Chicago Senior Director Eddie Bocanegra testified on a panel in front of a House of Representatives subcommittee as part of the hearing on Community Responses to Gun Violence in our Cities. Through his testimony, he gave a firsthand, on-the-ground perspective of ongoing community violence and the wide ripple effects of everyday violence.


Rep. Karen Bass (left), Rep. Jerry Nadler, and the rest of the Democratic Judiciary Committee invited Senior Director Eddie Bocanegra to speak on community solutions to gun violence

During the testimony, he emphasized the complicated and wide-ranging factors that contribute to gun violence in Chicago and similar cities, focusing on limited access in impoverished communities to everything from employment to safe housing to mental health services. While mass shootings in recent months have received an array of media coverage, it was important to draw attention to the people and families in our communities who are impacted by gun violence every single day, as well as to Chicago’s sustained collaborative effort since 2016 to combat violence.


“After spending much of my time in prison contemplating how my future would have meaning, my goal is clear—to use my experiences as a former gang member and inmate, as well as my formal education, to save lives, and to help others with backgrounds like mine find and achieve their own dreams for a safer and better future,” Eddie said.


Rep. William Lacy Clay of Missouri and Rep. Robin Kelly of Illinois comprised the first panel of the hearing, while Eddie spoke on the second panel and was joined by Reggie Moore of the City of Milwaukee Office of Violence Prevention, Amber Goodwin of the Community Justice Action Fund & Community Justice Reform Coalition, and Maj Toure of Black Guns Matter.

Happy Labor Day from READI Chicago

In the lead-up to Labor Day weekend, staff from across the READI Chicago initiative gathered for games and food at a celebratory cookout.

 


The READI Chicago family reflected on the evolution of the program in its first two years and on the importance of cognitive behavioral therapy and jobs. Staff shared a moment of silence and released balloons in recognition of all those who were a part of the journey, pledging to honor them by creating lasting, sustainable change.


In observance of Labor Day, staff considered the value and necessity of work, both to READI Chicago staff and to participants.


“I feel like work dignifies the human being, and our participants need to experience that,” Englewood Outreach Director Tony Salaam said. “They need to experience dignity, pride, self-respect, and the ability to provide for themselves and their families. Getting a paycheck is new for a lot of them.”

DSC08436

Service with a purpose

Working at Chicago Animal Care and Control (CACC) is more than a transitional job for READI Chicago participants in Stage 2 of their work experience.


CACC, which aims to ensure the humane care of animals through sheltering, pet placement, education, and animal law enforcement, is always in need of more help, said Assistant to the Director Jenny Schlueter. This makes READI Chicago participants invaluable to caring for the animals as they await adoption.


Participants work at CACC five days a week, cleaning kennels, feeding dogs and kittens, and supervising playtime. After working at CACC for six weeks and completing further training in animal behavior and care, participants transition to dog-walking and helping with animal playgroups.



“It’s been really great to see how much the participants enjoy it and get out of it — the connections they’re making with the animals are very obvious,” Jenny said. “What’s been more of a surprise is seeing the men start to form relationships with some of our other staff and volunteers. They’re making people’s days, and our volunteers and staff have a real appreciation for them.”


As Jenny points out, it’s not just the animals that benefit from the relationship — the READI Chicago participants working at CACC, many of whom have experienced violence and trauma, get just as much out of working and connecting with the animals. One participant, who has worked at CACC for several months, even plans on adopting his favorite dog once he gets his own apartment.

Making ground on Grounds for Peace

Since Mayor Lori Lightfoot launched the vacant lot beautification pilot Grounds for Peace nearly two months ago, READI Chicago work crews have made progress on about 20 previously vacant lots.


Work crews from all five READI Chicago communities have worked with supervisors from Urban Growers Collective (UGC) to beautify lots on the South and West sides, and UGC supervisor Edwardo Bey said the READI Chicago participants working on the lots love the project, in part because they are learning skills they can convert to unsubsidized employment opportunities.


UGC’s Edwardo Bey poses with a READI Chicago participant


“It’s been really great to see community members engaging with Grounds for Peace and getting excited for the projects in their communities,” said UGC’s Candace Clark, who supervises the READI Chicago work crews. “Many folks have visited the gardening sites to shake hands and thank the team. The participants are really starting to realize the impact they’re having on their communities.”


When the pilot program was announced in July, Marlon Chamberlain, Greater Englewood community project manager for READI Chicago, stressed the importance of employer partners believing in READI Chicago participants, as well as the value that meaningful work brings to participants, allowing them to build up their communities from the inside out.


“Violence can only be solved with the help of employers like Urban Growers Collective, who are committed and invested in this population, to remove obstacles for people who were formerly incarcerated,” Chamberlain said. “This collaboration really represents a model to the city of what violence solutions can look like.”

Constructing a future with Revolution Workshop


For READI Chicago participants in Stage 3 of their transitional job and those who have completed their 18 months of subsidized employment, Revolution Workshop offers a continuation of the safe, comfortable environment that READI Chicago strives to create for participants to practice cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) skills.


The 10-12-week Revolution Workshop (RW) program trains people in carpentry, electric, and plumbing skills with the aim of connecting them with entry-level construction positions upon program completion. According to RW Business Services Manager Jackie Gallo, about 90 percent of RW graduates secure construction jobs shortly after completing the program.



For Stage 3 participants like Austin READI Chicago participant Omar, RW is an opportunity to transition into sustainable, unsubsidized employment before reaching the 18-month mark in READI Chicago. Omar has had multiple interviews with construction companies since he completed the training program on June 26, and RW was so impressed with his work ethic that they hired him to help with office work and training programs in the meantime.


Omar completed training at Revolution Workshop and is now interviewing for construction positions


“This program is one of the best experiences I’ve had in READI — it’s going to change my life,” Omar said. “I don’t want my kids to go through the trials and tribulations I went through in the streets. That’s why I’m doing this.”


Omar, who joined READI Chicago in June 2018 after being released from prison, said CBT has been instrumental in helping him mature and thrive at RW.


“CBT has helped me a lot,” Omar said. “It helped me observe certain situations instead of reacting out of impulse. It’s easier to think about things instead of reacting — it’s good to weigh your options.”


Jackie said that when she first began interviewing READI Chicago participants for the training program, she heard about CBT constantly.


“They would always say, ‘READI isn’t a program, it’s a mindset,'” Jackie said. “Sometimes READI staff will come in and do CBT here, even. I think it’s helpful that we can mutually reinforce things.”‘


Jerimiah started at Revolution Workshop one week before completing the subsidized employment portion of READI Chicago


This is crucial for participants like Jerimiah, a North Lawndale READI Chicago participant who recently completed his 18 months of subsidized employment with READI Chicago. Jerimiah began training at RW one week before his 18 months ended, and receiving supports at RW has helped ease the anxiety that many participants feel as they transition out of subsidized employment.


“The staff care a lot, and they make sure we’re okay every day,” Jerimiah said. “They talk to us one-on-one about everything we need. They’re just there if you need someone to talk to.”


While in jail, Jerimiah was part of the Sheriff’s Anti-Violence Effort, and that’s how he heard about READI Chicago.


“I liked READI Chicago when I first started because it was something new, something fresh,” Jerimiah said. “Then I really started thinking about stuff I wanted to do. READI gave me that push I needed to go for my goals.”


Jerimiah said CBT has been instrumental in learning to control his anger and impulse control, and he doesn’t know where he would be today if not for READI Chicago.


“My life has changed since I got into READI Chicago,” Jerimiah said. “I met a lot of new people, and I got a lot of opportunities. I’ve never had an opportunity like this at RW before. I didn’t think I could do something like this.”


Jackie said men and women like Omar and Jerimiah are exactly who RW looks for to fill their training cohorts. Not only does RW welcome people with criminal records, but they also work with employers that support people who have been incarcerated and urge other companies to consider relaxing their hiring barriers around incarceration.


“We meet so many people who have not been given opportunity and they have certain barriers, like a record, keeping them from that opportunity,” Jackie said. “We want to get more people with records into the trades and help employers understand that most criminal records are nonviolent.”